The etymology of journalism itself derived from the Latin word diurnalis, which suggest a daily account or record. Over the century the term has come to mean the collection and editing of news for presentation via one or more forms of media. Current approach has distanced the practice from its Latin root.
While the debate over whether the Internet as a whole should be judges as credible sources of new information has make more users have gather to new site sponsored by traditional media, the question remains of how much faith users should place in certain online components such as Weblogs which commonly known as Blogs.
During the mid-1990s the Internet was compared to a frontier outpost where discussion was “free, sometimes pointed, often blunt, and frequently rebellious. Critics suggested several reasons why the Web should be judges as less credible sources of information than traditional media. Anyone could post information to the Web, and these sites created by individuals spouting their views often appeared as credible as those hosted by reliable sources. Such sites lacked editorial oversight and didn’t have the professional and social pressure to provide accurate and unbiased information. Also, the Internet was rife with rumors and misinformation and several parody sites which looked like official sites to misleading certain users (Johnson and Kaye 2004).
Graphic manipulation, banner ads placed atop a newspaper web site, and commingling of editorial and advertising content are just a few of the many ethical issues that the new media raise for journalism. In addition hyperlink is another issue for online publisher; should the story provide links to other web sites. This sometimes created confuse to the internet users when they get misleading information which derived from the manipulation of the hyperlink by some irresponsible blog administrations over the use of their hyperlink (Osborn 2001).
According to Zhang , 2005 stated that the study of media credibility attention is an important part in the field of Mass Communication. In Malaysia, the credibility of the media became the focus of scholars and practitioners journalism as early as the 1990s. As we know, impact of mass media cannot escape from the influence of media credibility especially in Malaysia where the media plays important role in his political career, economical and culture life. In online journalism context, credibility is crucial to enhance and determine of a media audience.
In general, credibility is defined as a quality source of information causing what is believed to be uttered more than any other evidence of the debate (West 1994). The credibility divided into two domains which is the source and credibility of the media or channels. The credibility of the source involved the study of how different features affect communicators processing of messages among the recipients. Source concept here refers to an individual presenter or communicator, such as news or world leaders. While studies credibility of the media or channel focuses on a channel that transmits content compared to sending the content.
Credibility of online journalism is very important factor because it can encourage the use of news among the audiences. By the way, it emphasizes aspects of media organizations. Without the credibility, online journalism cannot stand by itself because transparency of a media is depends on how they use the credibility to ensure everything is under control. In addition, coverage of media in Malaysia actually is limited because of the control by the government.
Furthermore, credibility is essential in media because audiences will not trust anymore to them. Decrease the credibility of the media can lead to reduce freedom of speech and it will effects many things regarding the daily life. It showed that when the online reporters publish their own opinion with the bad words for unsatisfied on certain issues. So the readers definitely dispute the credibility of journalism. This situation should be more professional because everyone needs to know the limitation of giving the opinion and take an action to get the truth.
Besides that, person in online journalism know where is their position in media and their responsibility. Most of the news stories are criticized by their own credibility and it shows us the openness of thought and makes a good decision making towards the audiences.
To qualify as quality information, it must be up-to-date, relevant, accurate, and understandable to the person who needs it at the time he or she needs it. Various scholars tried to define the concept of credibility such as safety, qualification and dynamism. Credible information is believable information. It is important to note that credibility is a perceived quality.
Regarding the credibility of online information, research has generally found that the public rates online news similarly to other media. Johnson and Kaye (1998) surveyed politically-interested Internet users to examine whether they viewed Internet publications to be as credible as their traditionally delivered counterparts. They found that online newspapers, news magazines, and politically-oriented websites were judged at least somewhat credible by more than two-thirds of respondents. Moreover, online newspapers and online candidate literature were judged as significantly more credible than their traditional counterparts.
According to Flanagin and Metzger (2000) investigated perceptions of Internet information credibility in comparison to other media. They concluded that the Internet was as credible as television, radio, and magazines, but not newspapers. They found that credibility varied by medium among different types of information sought by audiences, such as news and entertainment. Respondents reported that they did not verify information found on the Internet, but this finding also varied by the type of information needed. The amount of experience using the Internet and how an individual perceived the information were associated with efforts to verify online information (Abdulla et al., 2002).
According to Gilster, 1997, The Internet’s credibility is a major concern since information seeking is one of the main purposes of using the Internet. Online users have easy access to abundant sources but also run the risk of getting false information. Apparently, there is less control and gatekeeping on the web than for print publications. Neither authoritarian governments nor institutions screen can all the information on the Internet due to its nature. Nearly anyone could publish on the Internet. It needs to be considered that thousands of individuals have the opportunity to publish in even highly prestige newspapers’ sites, such as the Wall Street Journal and the New York Times online.
However, falsity on the web is seldom revealed because there is too much information. The more information is put on the Internet, the chance of discovering misinformation decreases. In addition to that, most people neither have time to verify its accuracy nor go back to the same site because the browser may fail to find it again (Calvert, 2001). Individual education is the most believable way to avoid getting inaccurate information. Studies suggest the necessity of new criteria for the online media literacy (Floridi, 1996; Levi, 2000).